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Star is the fastest tar archiver for UNIX
Star has many improvements compared to other tar
implementations (including gnu tar). See below for a short description
of the highlight of star.
Star is located on:
ftp://ftp.berlios.de/pub/star
Changes since star-1.5:
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
Between star-1.5 and star-1.5.1, there have been mostly changes that enhance
the portability and stability.
- New support for ATARI-ST using FreeMiNT
- New support for Haiku
- New support for Syllable
- New support for Cygwin on Vista-64-Bit platforms
- New support for DragonFly BSD
- Added support for 64 bit compilation on HP-HX using "cc".
Use make CCOM=cc64 as usual to switch to 64 bit compilation.
- Added support for 64 bit compilation on IRIX using "cc" and "gcc".
Use make CCOM=cc64 or CCOM=gcc64 as usual to switch to 64 bit compilation.
- Enhanced config.guess to support DragonFly BSD and OpenVMS
- The build exnvironment is cleaned up if the compilation is controlled
by smake or gmake (LC_* are set to "C").
- Added GMAKE_NOWARN=true to allow to disable the gmake warning
- Now supporting dynamic libraries on Mac OS X
- Avoid problems with tr(1) when compiling with gmake os SunPro-Make.
- Avoid simple suffix rules for smake to speed up implicit rule search.
- Added rules for OpenVMS
- Enhanced include/schily/priv.h to distinct Solaris and AIX process privileges
- New file include/schily/math.h
- New file include/schily/dbgmalloc.h
- VMS specific devide definitions have been added to include/schily/device.h
- The file include/schily/wait.h now uses definitions that better deal with
platforms that have both: "union wait" and a POSIX style "int *" wait(2)
parameter.
- Beware in include/schily/utypes.h: VMS on VAX has no long long
- The file include/schily/vfork.h adds definitions to allow to use vfork()
on VMS
- Schily autoconf now implements a better way to check whether a function
is defined in libc and avoids to define -lc for the related library name.
- Schily autoconf now implements a better check gor bash that includes
support for bash-1.x that is still used on OpenVMS.
- Schily autoconf now checks for struct utsname.arch to support VMS
- Schily autoconf now implements a better check for opendir() and a related
library name.
- Schily autoconf now implements a vfork() check that does not hang
infinitely on OpenVMS
- conf/oarch.sh was enhanced to match the code in the make file rules.
- New align test for long double in incs/align_test.c
- New "max align" type in incs/align_test.c
- libschily/*bytes.c now support 64 bit compilation and use a "ssize_t"
typed count parameter instead of "int".
- libschily/fconv.c now contains better support for isinf()/isnan()
for several platforms that do not offer a C99 complient base.
This includes HP-UX 11.11 and newer AIX versions.
There now are local macros as a fallback that work for IEEE compliant
floating point coding.
- The libshcily/fexec*() functions now use a I/O redirection method
that is compatible with the vfork() behavior on OpenVMS.
- libfind was rewritten to use vfork() instead of fork() to allow to
support OpenVMS.
- fixed a typo in libfind/idcache.c
- Added $(LIB_ACL_TEST) to the libs for libfind to allow a shared libfind
with ACL support on Linux.
- fixed a bug in star that caused star to print the list output
on stderr if the archive was read from stdin.
- star -c -dump -acl -find .
now works correctly as it now uses short names for retrieving ACLs.
- star H=help now marks the default archive type
- star does no longer allow to read/write the archive data from/to a
terminal
- tartest and star_sym now include a -version option
- star_sym no honors the autoconf result HAVE_FCHDIR
- Fixed a bug in star introduced with the new check for:
"Archive cannot be a tty." that could cause star to dump
core when in copy mode.
- star now better checks the parameter for the -s substitute option.
This is needed in order to catch typos in arg lists.
- star check for same filedescriptor on archive and stdout had a typo
that caused undfined behavior and sometimes star -tv output did go to
stderr.
- star/checkerr.c now correctly handles the "WARN" directive.
- star -C missing-dir now correctly sets the exitcode from star
- star -C missing-dir may now be handled by a new errctl= tag "CHRDIR"
- star -X is now working correctly, thanks to a Johannes Geiss <jgeiss@arcor.de>
who detected a copy/paste error made while -X was copied from list=
- Correctly abort the FIFO in cdrecord and star on BeOS and Haiku
in case that the clone ara cannot be made shared.
- The directory "testscripts" has been renamed to "star/testscripts"
- Fixed the debug print code in the sparse file handling code to
use %zd instead of just %d for size_t parameters.
- star/fifo.c rewritten to avoid a core dump from the optimizer program
of the SGI IRIX C-compiler.
- Added autoconf test to distinct Linux ACLs from IRIX ACLs
- let libfind deal with the differences between Linux ACLs and IRIX ACLs
TODO:
- Complete the man page for spax
- Implement multi volume continuation headers that work for
files > 8 GB where the last tar header
(a POSIX.1-2001 'x'-header) was split across volumes.
In this case, if only POSIX compliant TAR features are allowed,
the extracting TAR would not be able to correctly skip the
large file as it does not know the content of the POSIX.1-2001
'x'-header. For this reason, later star versions need to implement
a method to create multi volume continuation (skip) headers that
include the size of the split POSIX.1-2001 'x'-header and the
size of the following large file.
Note that even with this method we would need a new method
(different from the current bitmap) to deal with multi volume
continuation headers for split files in case the FIFO in star
may be larger than 8 GB.
- Implement a autoconf extension to to deal with Linux with XFS
where not all ACL handling is inside -lacl ??? is this still true?
Revision history (short)
1982 First version on UNOS (extract only)
1985 Port to UNIX (fully functional version)
1985 Added pre Posix method of handling special files/devices
1986 First experiments with fifo as external process.
1993 Remote tape access
1993 diff option
1994 Fifo with shared memory integrated into star
1994 Very long filenames and sparse files
1994 Gnutar and Ustar(Posix.1-1988) handling added
1994 Xstar format (extended Posix.1-1988) defined and introduced
1995 Ported to many platforms
1999 Support for Win32 (Cygwin)
1999 base 256 support to overcome limitation with octal fields
2001 Large file support
2001 Support for POSIX.1-2001 extended headers
2001 Support for ACLs in POSIX.1-2001 extended headers
2002 Support for extended file flags in POSIX.1-2001 extended headers
2002 Support for extended inode meta data and meta files
2003 New program tartest allows to verify POSIX.1-1990 tar archive compliance
2003 Error control added to allow to selectively ignore error contitions
2003 ED like pattern based file name substitution with -s '/from/to/[gp]'
2003 Efficient built in -copy mode
2003 Basic support for incremental dumps (incremental restore not yet ready)
2003 CPIO archive support
2003 New command 'pax/spax' for POSIX.1 command line compatibility.
2003 New command 'cpio/scpio' for SUSv2 command line compatibility.
2003 New command 'suntar' for Solaris command line compatibility.
2003 New command 'gnutar' for GNU tar command line compatibility.
2003 Support for reliable multi-volume archives with media size detection
2005 Support for full and incremental dumps and restores.
2005 The find(1) code has been integrated via libfind and allows to use find on archives
2005 Changed license from GPL to CDDL
2005 Added support for a reliable sparse file interface in Solaris
Supported platforms:
Virtually any! Known to work:
SunOS 4.x, Solaris (SunOS 5.x), Linux,
HP-UX, DG/UX, IRIX, AIX, FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD,
OSF-1, True-64, QNX, BeOS, Apollo Domain/OS, Next-STep,
OS/2, SCO-openserver, SCO-unixware, Caldera OpenUnix,
Cygwin (Win32), Sony NewsOS, BSDi (BSD/OS), QNX,
Apple Rhapsody, MacOS X, AmigaOS, GNU Hurd
Joerg
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Star is the fastest known implementation of a tar archiver.
Star development started 1982, the first complete implementation has
been done in 1985. I never did my backups with other tools than star.
Its main advantages over other tar implementations are:
fifo - keeps the tape streaming.
This gives you faster backups than
you can achieve with ufsdump, if the
size of the filesystem is > 1 GByte.
remote tape support - a fast RMT implementation that has no
probems to saturate a 100 Mb/s network.
accurate sparse files - star is able to reproduce holes in sparse
files accurately if the OS includes
the needed support functions. This is
currently true for Solaris-2.3 to
Solaris-2.5.1
pattern matcher - for a convenient user interface
(see manual page for more details).
To archive/extract a subset of files.
sophisticated diff - user tailorable interface for comparing
tar archives against file trees
This is one of the most interesting parts
of the star implementation.
no namelen limitation - Pathnames up to 1024 Bytes may be archived.
(The same limitation applies to linknames)
This limit may be expanded in future
without changing the method to record
long names.
deals with all 3 times - stores/restores all 3 times of a file
(even creation time)
With POSIX.1-2001 the times are in nanosecond
granularity.
Star may reset access time after doing
backup. On Solaris this can be done without
changing the ctime.
does not clobber files - more recent copies on disk will not be
clobbered from tape
This may be the main advantage over other
tar implementations. This allows
automatically repairing of corruptions
after a crash & fsck (Check for differences
after doing this with the diff option).
automatic byte swap - star automatically detects swapped archives
and transparently reads them the right way
automatic format detect - star automatically detects several common
archive formats and adopts to them.
Supported archive types are:
Old tar, gnu tar, ansi tar, star,
POSIX.1-2001 PAX, Sun's Solaris tar.
automatic compression detect - star automatically detects whether the
archive is compressed. If it has been
compressed with a compression program that
is compatible to decompression with "gzip"
or "bzip2", star automatically activates
decompression.
fully ansi compatible - Star is fully ANSI/Posix 1003.1 compatible.
See README.otherbugs for a complete
description of bugs found in other tar
implementations. Star is the first tar
implementation that supports POSIX.1-2001.
support for ACLs and file flags - star supports Access Control Lists
and extended file flags (as found on FreeBSD
and Linux). Support to archive and restore
other file properties may be easily added.
support for all inode metadata - star supports to put all inode
metadata on the archive. This allows future
versions of star to perform true
incremental dumps.
sophisticated error control - allows to tell star which error types
should be ignored for wich file name pattern.
This allows to write backup scripts that give
no error messages for all problems that are
tolerable (e.g. growing log files).
ED like filename substitution - star supports automated pattern rule based
file name substitution as documented for 'pax'.
A fast built in -copy mode - allows to make fast and accurate copies and
directory tree comparisons.
Integrated find(1) code - allows many interesting new features that would
be possible with a separate find call.
Have a look at the manual page, it is included in the distribution.